Elon Musk recently shared his concerns about the global population decline, labeling it as humanity’s greatest threat. Musk's post on X (formerly Twitter) included a graph that displayed projected population changes for several countries, including Nigeria, the US, Indonesia, and Pakistan, between 2018 and 2100.

In his post, Musk agreed with the statement “Population collapse is humanity's greatest threat,” originally shared by the Tesla Owners Silicon Valley account. He retweeted it with a simple but emphatic response: "Yes."

Experts have long acknowledged that the world is heading toward population decline, with declining fertility rates, aging populations, and emigration contributing to this trend. Currently, many countries are below the replacement fertility level of 2.1 children per woman, which is needed to maintain a stable population. In 2023, the fertility rate in England and Wales reached a record low of 1.44 children per woman.

According to a 2020 graph, both India and China had populations of approximately 1.5 billion in 2018. By 2100, India’s population is expected to shrink to just under 1.1 billion, while China’s population is projected to fall dramatically to 731.9 million. This significant decline places Nigeria on track to become the second-most populous country, with its population estimated at 790.1 million by the end of the century.

Despite the decline in fertility rates, the United States is projected to remain the fourth-largest country in 2100, due to positive net migration, as is the case for Canada and Australia. However, countries like Indonesia and Pakistan are expected to experience slight population declines, while countries like the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Ethiopia are expected to surpass them.

Elon Musk has repeatedly warned about the risks of population collapse, emphasizing that the global decline in birth rates could have serious consequences for the future.